git基本命令

git基本命令

这里列出了平时使用最多的git的命令,

 

命令作用 详解 Git 命令

Create a new local repository

创建新的本地仓库
git init

Check out a repository

克隆一个远程仓库到本地仓库
git clone /path/to/repository
克隆一个远程仓库到本地仓库并且使用某个用户,这里是username这个用户
git clone username@host:/path/to/repository

Add files

添加一个或者多个文件到staging状态
git add <filename>

git add *

Commit

Commit changes to head (but not yet to the remote repository):
git commit -m "Commit message"
Commit any files you've added with git add, and also commit any files you've changed since then:
git commit -a

Push

Send changes to the master branch of your remote repository:
git push origin master
Status List the files you've changed and those you still need to add or commit:
git status

Connect to a remote repository

If you haven't connected your local repository to a remote server, add the server to be able to push to it:

git remote add origin <server>
List all currently configured remote repositories: git remote -v

Branches

Create a new branch and switch to it:
git checkout -b <branchname>
Switch from one branch to another:
git checkout <branchname>
List all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you're currently in:
git branch
Delete the feature branch:
git branch -d <branchname>
Push the branch to your remote repository, so others can use it:
git push origin <branchname>
Push all branches to your remote repository:
git push --all origin
Delete a branch on your remote repository:
git push origin :<branchname>

Update from the remote repository

 

Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory:
git pull
To merge a different branch into your active branch:
git merge <branchname>

View all the merge conflicts:

View the conflicts against the base file:

Preview changes, before merging:

git diff

git diff --base <filename>

git diff <sourcebranch> <targetbranch>
After you have manually resolved any conflicts, you mark the changed file:
git add <filename>

Tags

You can use tagging to mark a significant changeset, such as a release:
git tag 1.0.0 <commitID>
CommitId is the leading characters of the changeset ID, up to 10, but must be unique. Get the ID using:
git log
Push all tags to remote repository:
git push --tags origin

Undo local changes

If you mess up, you can replace the changes in your working tree with the last content in head:

Changes already added to the index, as well as new files, will be kept.

git checkout -- <filename>
Instead, to drop all your local changes and commits, fetch the latest history from the server and point your local master branch at it, do this:
git fetch origin

git reset --hard origin/master

Search

Search the working directory for foo(): git grep "foo()"

 

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